Early Years Birth To 5

Step 1: Understand Your Child’s Diagnosis and Needs

Start by learning all you can about autism and its symptoms. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience:

• Language delays or communication challenges
• Unusual or repetitive behaviors
• Difficulties with learning or social interaction
• Health issues like seizures, feeding problems, constipation, or trouble sleeping

Discuss any concerns about your child’s health or development with your doctor. They may refer you to specialists for underlying health conditions or therapists to help your child build new skills. Don’t hesitate to ask questions during these conversations, and if needed, seek a second opinion to feel confident in the care your child is receiving.

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Step 2: Learn About Education Services

Birth to Age 3

By federal law, children under 3 with special health care needs can access early intervention services to support developmental milestones like communication and social skills. These services are offered at home, daycare, or other settings, with therapists guiding parents and caregivers on how to help their child improve skills such as:

• Making eye contact and using gestures
• Communicating through words, signs, or pictures
• Responding to their name
• Engaging in joint attention (focusing on an object or event together)

Each state manages its own early intervention program. Ask your pediatrician for a referral or check the Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center directory for state-specific contact information.

Age 3 & Up

Children aged 3 and older may qualify for an Individualized Education Program (IEP) through their local school district. An IEP outlines services like speech therapy, occupational therapy (OT), or classroom support.

If your child doesn’t qualify for an IEP, they may still benefit from a 504 education plan, which provides learning accommodations in a regular classroom setting. Contact your local school district’s special education office to learn more.

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Step 3: Understand Health Coverage

Therapies for ASD can be life-changing, but insurance coverage varies by state and provider. To find out what’s covered:

• Contact your health insurance provider for detailed coverage information.
• Speak with a social worker on your care team about available programs.
• Explore resources from national ASD organizations that offer tools or quizzes to help clarify coverage.

If you don’t have insurance, look into your state’s Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) or Medicaid. These programs may cover ASD-related costs based on your child’s disability and needs, regardless of your family’s income.

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Step 4: Arrange Childcare

Federal law prohibits childcare providers from discriminating against children with special health care needs. However, ensure the daycare or provider you choose is equipped to support your child. State early intervention agencies often provide referrals to suitable childcare options.

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Step 5: Build Social Connections

Encourage your child to interact with peers and practice social skills learned in therapy by:

• Joining parent-child classes, like “Mommy and Me” groups, or arranging playdates with local kids
• Enrolling in social skills training classes where children learn about eye contact, sharing, and taking turns, often led by therapists or social workers

Support groups for parents or siblings of children with ASD are valuable for sharing experiences and learning new strategies. Social interaction benefits not just your child but the entire family.

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Step 6: Seek Support When You Need It

Caring for a young child with ASD can be demanding, so it’s essential to take breaks and ask for help.

• Ask family members to assist with tasks like meal preparation or laundry.
• Alternate caregiving responsibilities with your partner to ensure both of you have time for self-care.
• Hire a sitter familiar with ASD care or consider respite services for short breaks.

Taking time for yourself helps you recharge and provide better care for your child and family.

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Step 7: Plan for Your Child’s Future

It’s crucial to prepare a legal and financial framework for your child’s future. Consult a financial advisor and a lawyer specializing in special needs planning to:

• Create a will and establish guardianship plans
• Manage assets and set up trusts
• Ensure long-term financial security for your child

By planning ahead, you can ensure your child’s needs are met even in the future.